Karl`s father, th train driver, died of cold when his son was only two years old.His mother struggled to give his son a good education.At the end of primary school in Karlsruhe in 1853,Carl entered the Technical Lyceum (now the Bismarck High),and then -in the Polytechnic University

In 1871, together with August Ritter organized mechanical workshop in Mannheim. Soon Karl Benz bought out partner on money loaned to him by the bride`s father, Bertha Ringer. Karl and Bertha got engaged 20 July They had five children.

In his workshop Karl Benz started the creation of new internal combustion engine.December he received a patent for a two-stroke gasoline engine.

In 1882 he organized a joint stock company Gasmotoren Fabrik Mannheimbut in 1883 left him.In the same year on the basis of a bicycle workshop organized by the company Benz Company Rheinische Gasmotoren -Fabrikalso know as Benz CieThe company began to produce and sell gasoline engines.Here Benz designed his first car.

Benz"s sons Eugen and Richard left Benz & Cie. in 1903, but Richard returned to the company in 1904 as the designer of passenger vehicles.

In 1909, the Blitzen Benz was built in Mannheim by Benz & Cie. The bird-beaked vehicle had a liter (1312ci), 150 kW (200 hp)

Karl Benz, Bertha Benz, and their son, Eugen, moved 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of Mannheim to live in nearby Ladenburg, and solely with their own capital, founded the private company, C. Benz Sons (German: Benz Söhne) in 1906, producing automobiles and gas engines.
In the last production year of the Benz Sons company, 1923, three hundred and fifty units were built. During the following year, 1924, Karl Benz built two additional 8/25 hp units of the automobile manufactured by this company, tailored for his personal use, which he never sold; they are still preserved.

On April 4,1929 Karl Benz died at home in Ladenburg at the age of eighty-four from a bronchial inflammation.Until her death on May Bertha Benz continued to reside in their last home.

INVENTIONS AND INVENTORS

"To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old questions from a new angle, requires creative imagination and marks real advance".

"Imagination is more important than knowledge" .

To invent is to see anew.

An invention is a new composition, device, or process. Some inventions are based on pre-existing models or ideas and others are radical breakthroughs. Inventions can extend the boundaries of human knowledge or experience.

Joseph Nicéphore Niépce (1765 – 1833)

Joseph Nicéphore Niépce was a French inventor, most noted as one of the inventors of photography and a pioneer in the field. He is well-known for taking some of the earliest photographs, dating to the 1820s. As revolutionary as his invention was, Niépce is little known even today.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847 – 1922)

Alexander Graham Bell was an eminent scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator who is credited with inventing the first practical telephone. His research on hearing and speech led him to experiment with hearing devices which eventually culminated in Bell being awarded the first U.S. patent for the telephone in 1876.

Karl Friedrich Benz (1844 – 1929)

Karl Friedrich Benz was a German engine designer and automobile engineer, generally regarded as the inventor of the petrol-powered automobile and pioneering founder of the automobile manufacturer, Mercedes-Benz.

The Lumière brothers: Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas (1862 – 1954) Louis Jean (1864– 1948)

The Lumière brothers were among the earliest filmmakers. Louis had made some improvements to the still-photograph process, the most notable being the dry-plate process, which was a major step towards moving images. The cinematograph itself was patented on 13 February 1895 and the first footage ever to be recorded using it was recorded on 19 March 1895.

The Wright brothers: Orville (1871 – 1948) Wilbur (1867 – 1912)

The Wright brothers were two Americans who are generally credited with inventing and building the world"s first successful airplane and making the first controlled, powered and sustained heavier-than-air human flight, on December 17, 1903. In two years afterward, the brothers developed their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft. The Wright brothers were the first to invent aircraft controls that made fixed-wing flight possible.

László József Bíró (1899 – 1985)

László József Bíró was the inventor of the modern ballpoint pen.

He presented the first production of the ball pen at the Budapest International Fair in 1931. Working with his brother George, a chemist, he developed a new tip consisting of a ball that was free to turn in a socket, and as it turned it would pick up ink from a cartridge and then roll to deposit it on the paper. Bíró patented the invention in Paris in 1938.

James Murray Spangler (1848 - 1915)

In 1907, James Murray Spangler, a janitor in Canton, Ohio invented an electric vacuum cleaner from a fan, a box, and a pillowcase.

John Logie Baird (1888 – 1946)

John Logie Baird was a British engineer and inventor of the world"s first working television system, also the world"s first fully electronic colour television broadcast. Although Baird"s electromechanical system was eventually displaced by purely electronic systems his early successes demonstrating working television broadcasts and his colour and cinema television work earn him a prominent place in television"s invention.

John Gorrie (1803 – 1855)

John Gorrie was a physician, scientist, inventor, and humanitarian, is considered the father of refrigeration and air conditioning.

Henry Ford (1863 – 1947)

Henry Ford was the American founder of the Ford Motor Company and father of modern assembly lines used in mass production. His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry. He was a prolific inventor and was awarded 161 U.S. patents.

Richard G.Drew (1886-1982)

In 1923 Richard Drew settled down on work in company Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing which concerned with the production of the sandpaper, exploratory activity in the field of watertight surfaces and experimented with cellophane. And 27 May 1930 Richard Drew patented his invention - transparent getting sticky tape.

Alexander Fleming (1881 – 1955)

Sir Alexander Fleming was a Scottish biologist and pharmacologist. His best-known achievements are the discovery of the enzyme lysozyme in 1923 and the antibiotic substance penicillin from the fungus Penicillium notatum in 1928, for which he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 with Howard Walter Florey and Ernst Boris Chain.

Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov (1907 – 1966)

Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov was the head Soviet rocket engineer and designer during the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s. He is considered by many as the father of practical astronautics.

Akio Morita (1921 - 1999)

Akio Morita was a Japanese entrepreneur, cofounder of Sony Corp. In 1949, the company developed magnetic recording tape and in 1950, sold the first tape recorder in Japan. In 1957, it produced a pocket-sized radio.

William Henry "Bill" Gates III (born October 28, 1955)

William Henry "Bill" Gates III is an American business magnate, philanthropist, and chairman of Microsoft, the software company. During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions of CEO and chief software architect, and remains the largest individual shareholder. Gates is one of the best-known entrepreneurs of the personal computer revolution.

Sir Ian Wilmut is an English embryologist and is currently Director of the MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine at the University of Edinburgh. He is best known as the leader of the research group that in 1996 first cloned a mammal from an adult somatic cell, a Finnish Dorset lamb named Dolly.

GRAMMAR IN FOCUS

PAST PERFECT PASSIVE

By the end of the 19 th century

invented tested improved

made discovered pioneered

Had been built developed produced

found created introduced

designed perfected patented

What inventions had been made by the end of the 19 -20 th century?

1. ………..….. ……………by the end of the 19 th century.

2. ……….….. ……………..by the end of the 19 th century.

3. ……….….. ……………..by the end of the 19 th century.

4. The first …….. ………...by the end of the 19 th century.

5. The first …... ..………..by the end of the 19 th century.

6. The ………..….. ……….by the end of the 19 th century.

invented made built found designed tested created

discovered perfected pioneered produced patented

А знаете ли вы? Карл Бенц (Германия) в 1885 году изобрел первый автомобиль на бензине. В России - первый автомобиль изобретен в Одессе в 1891 году. В 1895 году первый автомобиль появился в Санкт-Петербурге. Его скорость была 26 км/час, бензина хватало на 6 часов, а весил он 862 кг. В 1896 году в Санкт-Петербурге был построен первый автомобиль Евгением Яковлевым и инженеров Петром Фрезе. Этот автомобиль не попал в серийное производство. В 1922 году в Москве построен автомобиль на семь человек. Его скорость была 80 км/час.

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25 November 1844 - 4 April 1929
Karl Benz was born November 26, 1844 in the
village of Pfaffenrot located in the black forest in
southwest Germany.

Mother
Father

The real breakthrough was the appearance in 1876 of the internal
combustion engine developed by German engineer Nikolaus Otto.
Compact unit with equal capacity with the Lenoir motor consumes
70% less fuel and were less demanding of maintenance. A little later
Otto will create a more efficient engine with four working cycles:
intake, compression, ignition, exhaust. So was born the four-stroke
internal combustion engine, which is now used everywhere.
Benz, of course, knew about the invention of a compatriot, and
decided to create their own counterpart. About any revolution or
technological breakthrough out of the question. Carl was just trying
on their own experience to understand how it works. And learning
process has not been easy. Over its extremely simple design singlecylinder two-stroke engine Benz pored for about two years, and only
on Christmas eve 1879, the motor finally earned. And who then say
that Christmas miracles happen?!

In 1893, Carl Benz invented
the four-wheeled car “Victoria”

1894
the car "Velo“
the first production car

First trucks and buses was created in 1895

1926
the Association of the company
Benz and Daimler

Benz became one of the founders of modern
engineering. He developed the original
engine and many of the operating systems of
the vehicle, ranging from fuel, ending the
suspension that are used in the present time.
Having passed a great way, after many
setbacks over the decades, he still managed
to create their own brand, loved by
consumers.

1 August 1888, the first license is issued by Benz, has been
preserved and exhibited in the Museum in Germany
His first model car, which probably consists of a three-wheeled
wagon with an engine on display in the Museum and is in working
condition
The famous three-beam star, was originally used by Daimler and
meant the use of its engines on land, on water and in the sky.
Shortly before the merger with Benz, Daimler has decorated her
own home as a talisman and later it became the emblem of their
joint venture.